Precis:
Books are as important as the company we keep, offering knowledge, inspiration, and companionship. Good books remain constant friends—unchanging, patient, and comforting in all phases of life. They guide the youth, console the old, and spark creativity and imagination. Serving as records of past cultures, books help us grow intellectually and emotionally, making them lifelong companions.

Ex 2: Title: “The Enduring Companionship of Books”

Précis:
A person’s character is reflected in the books they read and the company they keep. Books, like good friends, offer knowledge, comfort, and unwavering support. They remain constant through life’s challenges, providing guidance in youth and solace in old age. Books stimulate creativity, preserve cultural heritage, and serve as lifelong companions, always welcoming and kind.

(Word count: 50—original passage approx. 150 words)

Ex 2: Failure is not the opposite of success but a part of it. Every great achievement in history has been preceded by setbacks, mistakes, and learning experiences. Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before inventing the light bulb, yet he famously said, “I have not failed. I’ve just found 10,000 ways that won’t work.” Similarly, successful athletes, scientists, and leaders have all faced failures but used them as lessons to improve.

Failure teaches resilience, patience, and creativity. When we stumble, we analyze our mistakes, adapt, and grow stronger. Without failure, there would be no innovation or progress. A student who fails an exam learns to study smarter; an entrepreneur whose business collapses gains invaluable experience for the next venture.

Instead of fearing failure, we should embrace it as a necessary step toward success. The key is persistence—rising after every fall with greater determination. As Henry Ford said, “Failure is simply the opportunity to begin again, this time more intelligently.” Thus, failures are not dead-ends but stepping stones leading to greater achievements.

(Word count: 150)

Ex 2: The proverb “Cleanliness is next to Godliness” emphasizes that maintaining purity and hygiene is not just a physical necessity but also a moral and spiritual virtue. A clean environment reflects discipline, self-respect, and respect for others. Just as we associate divinity with purity, cleanliness brings us closer to a higher sense of well-being and harmony.

Personal hygiene prevents diseases, while a clean home and surroundings create a positive and peaceful atmosphere. On a deeper level, cleanliness extends to thoughts and actions—keeping the mind free from negativity and the heart from ill will. Great leaders like Mahatma Gandhi stressed the importance of sanitation, linking it to self-discipline and social responsibility.

A clean society is a progressive one. When public spaces are well-maintained, it fosters civic pride and collective responsibility. Schools, workplaces, and communities thrive in cleanliness, just as temples and mosques are kept spotless to honor the divine.

Thus, cleanliness is not just a habit but a way of life that elevates both individuals and society. By embracing it, we nurture health, dignity, and spiritual growth—qualities that bring us closer to the divine.

(Word count: 150)

Ex 2: The proverb “A little learning is a dangerous thing” warns against the overconfidence that comes with superficial knowledge. When people grasp only fragments of a subject, they often draw flawed conclusions, yet boldly assume they understand it fully. This half-baked wisdom can lead to poor decisions, spreading misinformation, or even causing harm.

For instance, a person who reads a few medical articles online might misdiagnose an illness, ignoring professional advice. Similarly, amateurs dabbling in complex fields like law or engineering without deep expertise risk costly mistakes. History shows how misguided ideas—from flawed scientific theories to political misjudgments—have arisen from incomplete understanding.

True mastery requires patience, humility, and continuous learning. As Alexander Pope, who coined this phrase, suggests, deep knowledge is like drinking deeply from the “Pierian spring” of wisdom, while shallow sips breed arrogance. In today’s age of instant information, this lesson remains vital: real expertise demands thorough study, critical thinking, and the wisdom to recognize one’s limits. Only then can knowledge become a force for good, not peril.

(Word count: 150)

The Editor,
The Times of India,
New Delhi.

Date: 11th April, 2025

Sir/Madam,

I am writing to draw the attention of the concerned authorities and the general public towards the growing menace of air pollution, which is affecting our environment, health, and quality of life.

Air pollution has reached alarming levels in many cities, especially during the winter months. The major causes include vehicle emissions, industrial discharge, construction dust, and the burning of fossil fuels and crop residue. As a result, people—especially children and the elderly—are suffering from respiratory problems, asthma, allergies, and other serious health issues.

Moreover, air pollution is damaging the natural balance, contributing to climate change and affecting biodiversity. Immediate steps such as promoting public transport, planting trees, using cleaner fuels, and stricter pollution control laws must be taken.

I hope you will publish this letter to raise awareness and urge action from both the authorities and the public.

Yours sincerely,
Ravi Sharma
(Concerned Citizen)
New Delhi

Your Name
Your Address
City, State, PIN Code
Your Email
Your Contact Number
Date

The Editor
Newspaper Name
Newspaper Address
City,
State,
PIN Code

Subject: Rising Air Pollution – A Silent Public Health Emergency

Dear Sir/Madam,

I am writing to express my deep concern over the worsening air pollution in our city, which has reached hazardous levels, posing severe risks to public health and the environment. The Air Quality Index (AQI) frequently crosses the “severe” mark, yet urgent action remains inadequate.

Prolonged exposure to polluted air leads to respiratory diseases, cardiovascular problems, and even cognitive decline, particularly in children and the elderly. The increasing cases of asthma, bronchitis, and lung cancer are alarming. Moreover, pollution harms ecosystems, reduces crop yields, and accelerates climate change. Vehicular emissions, industrial waste, construction dust, and stubble burning are major contributors.

While government initiatives like the National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) are commendable, stricter enforcement, sustainable urban planning, and public awareness are needed. Promoting electric vehicles, improving green cover, and regulating industrial emissions must be prioritized.

I urge the authorities and citizens to take collective action before this invisible killer claims more lives. Media plays a crucial role in amplifying this issue—I hope your newspaper will continue highlighting it for policy changes.

Yours sincerely,
[Your Name] [Your Designation/Profession, if applicable]

(iii) Once upon a time, there lived a rich farmer.
(v) He had two sons.
(ii) They were living together happily.
(i) Years went by. The younger son began to get restless because he was unhappy with his wife.
(iv) He went to his father and asked for his share of the property.

Formatted Paragraph:
Once upon a time, there lived a rich farmer. He had two sons. They were living together happily. Years went by. The younger son began to get restless because he was unhappy with his wife. He went to his father and asked for his share of the property.

(The sentences follow a logical sequence: introduction of characters → initial harmony → passage of time → conflict → decisive action.)

Fan (noun) – A device or person used to create airflow or an admirer.
The ceiling fan was running at full speed. / He is a big fan of cricket.

Record (noun) – A stored piece of information, sound, or achievement.
She broke the world record in swimming.

Building (noun) – A structure with a roof and walls.
The library is the oldest building in town.

Fire (noun) – A combustion that produces heat and light.
They sat around the campfire telling stories.

Lift (noun) – An elevator or a ride.
Take the lift to the third floor.

Play (noun) – A theatrical performance or drama.
We watched a play at the local theatre last night.

Work (noun) – A task, job, or place of employment.
She has a lot of work to finish before the deadline.

Sleep (noun) – The state of rest during which the body recovers.
He got a good night’s sleep.

Heat (noun) – The quality of being hot; high temperature.
The heat during summer is unbearable.

Stitch (noun) – A loop of thread used in sewing or knitting.
I felt a sharp stitch in my side while running.

Corrections Made:
1. Capitalization:
“compact discs” → “Compact discs” (beginning of the sentence).

2. Full Stops (Periods):
Added after “sound” and “centre” to separate sentences.

3. Hyphen in Measurement:
“six inch” → “six-inch” (hyphenated when used as an adjective).

4. Comma Before “so”:
Added a comma for clarity before the conjunction “so”.

5. British vs. American Spelling:
“aluminium” (correct in British English, but if following American English, it would be “aluminum”).